Overview of CPT Code 25405: Open treatment of distal radius fracture

CPT Code 25405 refers to the open surgical treatment of a fracture in the distal radius, which is the larger of the two bones in the forearm. This procedure is typically performed when a fracture is displaced or unstable, requiring surgical intervention to realign and stabilize the bone.

When CPT Code 25405 is Used?

This code is applicable in various clinical scenarios, including:

Displaced distal radius fractures that cannot be aligned properly with non-surgical methods.
Fractures associated with significant wrist instability.
Fractures that have not healed properly with conservative treatment.
Fractures resulting from high-energy trauma, such as falls or accidents.

Symptoms Indicating This Procedure

Patients may report the following symptoms and clinical findings:

Severe pain in the wrist area.
Swelling and bruising around the fracture site.
Deformity or abnormal positioning of the wrist.
Inability to move the wrist or fingers.

Causes and Risk Factors

Understanding the causes and risk factors can help in prevention and management.

Falls, particularly in older adults.
Sports injuries, especially in contact sports.
Osteoporosis, which weakens bones and increases fracture risk.
High-impact accidents, such as motor vehicle collisions.

Diagnostic Tests Before Procedure

Several diagnostic tests may be performed to confirm the need for surgery:

X-rays to visualize the fracture and assess its alignment.
CT scans for detailed imaging of complex fractures.
MRI in certain cases to evaluate soft tissue injuries.

Procedure Description

The open treatment of a distal radius fracture involves several key steps:

Administer anesthesia to ensure patient comfort.
Make an incision over the fracture site to access the bone.
Realign the fractured bone fragments into their proper position.
Stabilize the fracture using plates, screws, or pins.
Close the incision with sutures and apply a dressing.

Preparation for the Procedure

Patients should follow these steps to prepare for surgery:

Avoid eating or drinking for at least 8 hours before the procedure.
Discuss any medications with the surgeon, especially blood thinners.
Arrange for transportation to and from the surgical facility.
Wear loose, comfortable clothing on the day of surgery.

Recovery and Aftercare

Post-operative recovery typically involves the following:

Initial recovery may take 6 to 8 weeks, depending on the fracture severity.
Keep the wrist elevated to reduce swelling.
Follow wound care instructions to prevent infection.
Pain management may include prescribed medications or over-the-counter pain relievers.

Possible Complications

While complications are rare, they can occur and may include:

Infection at the surgical site.
Nerve or blood vessel damage.
Nonunion or malunion of the fracture.
Stiffness or loss of motion in the wrist.

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Post-Procedure Follow-Up

Follow-up appointments are crucial for monitoring recovery:

Initial follow-up within 1 to 2 weeks post-surgery to check the incision.
Subsequent visits every 4 to 6 weeks to assess healing through X-rays.
Physical therapy may be recommended to regain strength and mobility.

Alternative Treatments

In some cases, non-surgical options may be considered:

Casting or splinting for stable fractures.
Physical therapy to improve function and strength.
Pain management with medications and rest.

Home Care Tips

Patients can follow these tips for effective home care:

Keep the surgical area clean and dry.
Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activities during recovery.
Use ice packs to reduce swelling as needed.
Follow all post-operative instructions provided by the healthcare team.

Patient Education & Prevention

Educating patients on prevention can reduce future risks:

Engage in weight-bearing exercises to strengthen bones.
Ensure home safety to prevent falls.
Consider bone density testing if at risk for osteoporosis.
Wear protective gear during sports and high-risk activities.

Billing and Coding Information

CPT Code: 25405

Category: Surgery

Common Modifiers:

Average Cost and Insurance Coverage

Costs can vary based on several factors:

Average cost ranges from $5,000 to $15,000 depending on facility and complexity.
Most insurance plans cover surgical treatment for fractures.
Patients should verify coverage details with their insurance provider.