Overview of CPT Code 22634: Spinal Fusion, Posterior Interbody

Overview of CPT Code 22634: Spinal Fusion, Posterior Interbody

CPT Code 22634 refers to a surgical procedure known as spinal fusion, specifically performed through a posterior interbody approach. This procedure is typically indicated for patients with severe spinal instability or deformity, aiming to stabilize the spine and alleviate pain.

When CPT Code 22634 is Used?

This procedure is appropriate in various clinical scenarios.

• Severe degenerative disc disease causing significant pain.
• Spondylolisthesis leading to spinal instability.
• Spinal fractures that require stabilization.
• Failed conservative treatment for back pain.
• Spinal deformities such as scoliosis.

Symptoms Indicating This Procedure

Patients may report several symptoms that lead to the consideration of this procedure.

• Chronic back pain that does not improve with conservative treatment.
• Radiating pain into the legs or arms.
• Numbness or weakness in the limbs.
• Difficulty walking or maintaining balance.
• Limited range of motion in the spine.

Causes and Risk Factors

Several factors can contribute to the need for spinal fusion.

• Age-related degeneration of spinal discs.
• Trauma or injury to the spine.
• Genetic predisposition to spinal disorders.
• Obesity increasing stress on the spine.
• Occupational hazards involving heavy lifting or repetitive motion.

Diagnostic Tests Before Procedure

Several diagnostic tests are typically performed to assess the need for surgery.

• MRI to visualize soft tissue and spinal structures.
• CT scans for detailed bone imaging.
• X-rays to assess spinal alignment and stability.
• Electromyography (EMG) to evaluate nerve function.
• Physical examination to assess symptoms and mobility.

Procedure Description

The spinal fusion procedure involves several key steps.

• Patient is placed under general anesthesia.
• An incision is made in the back to access the spine.
• Damaged disc material is removed from the affected vertebrae.
• Bone graft material is placed between the vertebrae to promote fusion.
• Instrumentation such as screws and rods may be used for stabilization.
• The incision is closed with sutures or staples.

Preparation for the Procedure

Patients should follow specific guidelines to prepare for surgery.

• Avoid eating or drinking after midnight before the surgery.
• Discuss all medications with the surgeon, including over-the-counter drugs.
• Arrange for transportation to and from the hospital.
• Prepare a recovery area at home with necessary supplies.
• Follow any specific instructions provided by the healthcare team.

Recovery and Aftercare

Post-operative recovery is crucial for successful outcomes.

• Hospital stay may last 1-3 days depending on recovery.
• Pain management with prescribed medications.
• Physical therapy may begin shortly after surgery.
• Avoid heavy lifting and twisting for several weeks.
• Follow-up appointments to monitor healing and progress.

Possible Complications

As with any surgery, there are potential risks involved.

• Infection at the surgical site.
• Nerve damage leading to weakness or numbness.
• Blood clots in the legs or lungs.
• Non-union of the vertebrae requiring further surgery.
• Persistent pain despite surgery.

Secure, compliant, and built for trust

HIPAA-compliant and designed with privacy in mind, your patient’s data is protected. Focus on care while we safeguard your information.

Learn more

Post-Procedure Follow-Up

Regular follow-up is essential for monitoring recovery.

• Initial follow-up within 2 weeks post-surgery.
• Subsequent visits at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months.
• Imaging studies may be repeated to assess fusion progress.
• Physical therapy progress should be evaluated regularly.
• Long-term follow-up may be necessary for chronic conditions.

Alternative Treatments

There are non-surgical options available for managing spinal issues.

• Physical therapy to strengthen back muscles.
• Chiropractic care for spinal alignment.
• Medications such as NSAIDs for pain relief.
• Epidural steroid injections to reduce inflammation.
• Acupuncture as a complementary therapy.

Home Care Tips

Patients can take steps to aid their recovery at home.

• Follow prescribed medication schedules for pain management.
• Engage in light activities as tolerated, avoiding strain.
• Use ice or heat packs to manage discomfort.
• Maintain a healthy diet to support healing.
• Stay hydrated and rest adequately.

Patient Education & Prevention

Education is key to preventing future issues.

• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce spinal stress.
• Practice good posture when sitting and standing.
• Engage in regular exercise to strengthen back muscles.
• Avoid smoking, which can impede healing.
• Learn proper lifting techniques to prevent injury.

Billing and Coding Information

CPT Code: 22634

Category: Surgery

Common Modifiers:

• 50 - Bilateral procedure
• RT - Right side
• LT - Left side

Average Cost and Insurance Coverage

Costs can vary based on several factors.

• Average cost ranges from $30,000 to $80,000.
• Insurance typically covers medically necessary procedures.
• Out-of-pocket costs depend on the insurance plan.
• Pre-authorization may be required by some insurers.
• Check with the insurance provider for specific coverage details.

Related CPT Codes

• 22551 - Injection of facet joint or sacroiliac joint
• 22630 - Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion
• 22632 - Spinal Fusion, Posterior or Lateral Approach, Single Level
• 22633 - Spinal Fusion, Posterior Interbody
• 22840 - Posterior spinal fusion, posterior approach, single level