Overview of CPT Code 22371:percutaneous-vertebroplasty-lumbar

Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat vertebral compression fractures in the lumbar spine. It involves the injection of a bone cement into the fractured vertebra to stabilize it and alleviate pain.

When CPT Code 22371 is Used?

This procedure is indicated in specific clinical scenarios.

Patients with painful vertebral compression fractures due to osteoporosis.
Fractures resulting from trauma or malignancy.
Patients who have not responded to conservative treatments such as pain medication or physical therapy.

Symptoms Indicating This Procedure

Patients typically report various symptoms that may lead to this procedure.

Severe back pain localized to the fracture site.
Pain that worsens with movement or standing.
Limited mobility and difficulty performing daily activities.
Numbness or weakness in the legs in some cases.

Causes and Risk Factors

Understanding the causes and risk factors can help in prevention and early intervention.

Osteoporosis, which weakens bones and increases fracture risk.
Age-related bone density loss.
Previous history of vertebral fractures.
Certain cancers that may weaken bones.

Diagnostic Tests Before Procedure

Several diagnostic tests are performed to confirm the need for this procedure.

X-rays to visualize the fracture.
MRI to assess the extent of the fracture and surrounding tissues.
CT scans for detailed imaging of the vertebrae.

Procedure Description

The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and sedation.

The patient is positioned comfortably, usually lying on their stomach.
A small incision is made in the skin over the affected vertebra.
A needle is inserted through the incision and guided into the vertebra using fluoroscopic imaging.
Bone cement is injected into the vertebra to stabilize it.
The needle is removed, and the incision is closed.

Preparation for the Procedure

Proper preparation is essential for a successful procedure.

Patients should inform their doctor about all medications and supplements they are taking.
Fasting for several hours before the procedure may be required.
Arranging for someone to drive them home post-procedure.

Recovery and Aftercare

Recovery typically involves monitoring and care at home.

Patients can expect to return home the same day.
Resting and avoiding heavy lifting for a few weeks is recommended.
Pain management may include prescribed medications.
Follow-up appointments to monitor healing and pain relief.

Possible Complications

While generally safe, there are potential risks associated with the procedure.

Infection at the injection site.
Bleeding or hematoma formation.
Allergic reaction to the bone cement.
Potential for new fractures in adjacent vertebrae.

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Post-Procedure Follow-Up

Follow-up care is crucial for assessing recovery.

Initial follow-up within one to two weeks post-procedure.
Further assessments at one month and three months to evaluate pain relief and mobility.
Long-term follow-up may be necessary for ongoing management of osteoporosis.