Overview of CPT Code 22319: Percutaneous vertebroplasty, lumbar
Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat vertebral compression fractures in the lumbar spine. It involves the injection of a special cement into the fractured vertebra to stabilize it and alleviate pain.
When CPT Code 22319 is Used?
This procedure is indicated in specific clinical scenarios.
- Patients with painful vertebral compression fractures due to osteoporosis.
- Fractures resulting from trauma or malignancy.
- Patients who have not responded to conservative treatments such as pain medication or physical therapy.
Symptoms Indicating This Procedure
Patients typically report various symptoms that may lead to this procedure.
- Severe back pain localized to the affected vertebra.
- Pain that worsens with movement or standing.
- Limited mobility due to pain.
- Numbness or weakness in the legs if nerves are affected.
Causes and Risk Factors
Understanding the causes and risk factors can help in prevention and management.
- Osteoporosis leading to weakened bones.
- Age-related bone density loss.
- Previous history of vertebral fractures.
- Certain cancers that weaken bone structure.
Diagnostic Tests Before Procedure
Several diagnostic tests are performed to confirm the need for this procedure.
- X-rays to visualize the fracture.
- MRI to assess the extent of the fracture and any associated soft tissue damage.
- CT scans for detailed imaging of the vertebra.
Procedure Description
The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and sedation.
- The patient is positioned comfortably, usually lying on their stomach.
- A local anesthetic is applied to the skin over the affected vertebra.
- A small incision is made, and a needle is guided into the fractured vertebra using fluoroscopic imaging.
- Bone cement is mixed and injected into the vertebra to stabilize it.
- The needle is removed, and the incision is closed with a bandage.
Preparation for the Procedure
Proper preparation is essential for a successful procedure.
- Discuss any medications with your doctor, especially blood thinners.
- Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure.
- Follow any fasting instructions provided by your healthcare team.
Recovery and Aftercare
Recovery is generally quick, but care is needed.
- Most patients can go home the same day.
- Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities for a few weeks.
- Follow up with your doctor to monitor recovery and pain levels.
Possible Complications
While generally safe, there are potential risks involved.
- Infection at the injection site.
- Bleeding or hematoma formation.
- Allergic reaction to the cement material.
- Adjacent vertebral fractures due to increased stress.
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Post-Procedure Follow-Up
Follow-up care is crucial for monitoring recovery.
- Initial follow-up within 1-2 weeks post-procedure.
- Regular check-ups to assess pain relief and mobility.
- Imaging studies may be repeated to evaluate the vertebra.
Alternative Treatments
There are non-surgical options available for managing vertebral fractures.
- Physical therapy to strengthen back muscles.
- Pain management with medications.
- Bracing to support the spine during healing.
Home Care Tips
Simple tips can aid in recovery at home.
- Use ice packs to reduce swelling and pain.
- Engage in gentle movements as advised by your doctor.
- Maintain a healthy diet to support bone health.
Patient Education & Prevention
Education is key to preventing future fractures.
- Engage in weight-bearing exercises to strengthen bones.
- Ensure adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D.
- Discuss bone health with your healthcare provider regularly.
Billing and Coding Information
CPT Code: 22319
Category: Surgical Procedures
Common Modifiers:
- -50
- -LT
- -RT
Average Cost and Insurance Coverage
Costs can vary based on location and insurance.
- Average cost ranges from $5,000 to $15,000.
- Most insurance plans cover the procedure if deemed medically necessary.
Related CPT Codes
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
What is percutaneous vertebroplasty?
It is a minimally invasive procedure to treat vertebral compression fractures.
How long does the procedure take?
The procedure typically takes about 1 hour.
Will I need to stay overnight?
Most patients can go home the same day.
What is the recovery time?
Recovery is usually quick, with most patients feeling relief within days.
