Overview of CPT Code 21250: Injection of bone marrow aspirate

Overview of CPT Code 21250: Injection of bone marrow aspirate

CPT Code 21250 refers to the injection of bone marrow aspirate, a procedure used to extract and inject bone marrow cells for therapeutic purposes, often in the context of treating various orthopedic and hematological conditions.

When CPT Code 21250 is Used?

This procedure is indicated in several clinical scenarios.

• Treatment of osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis.
• Management of chronic non-union fractures.
• Support for bone healing in patients with significant bone loss.
• Use in regenerative medicine for joint and soft tissue repair.

Symptoms Indicating This Procedure

Patients may present with various symptoms that warrant this procedure.

• Persistent joint pain that does not respond to conservative treatments.
• Swelling and inflammation around the affected area.
• Limited range of motion in the joint.
• Signs of bone degeneration on imaging studies.

Causes and Risk Factors

Several factors can contribute to the need for this procedure.

• Previous trauma or injury to the bone.
• Chronic conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis.
• Genetic predispositions to bone diseases.
• Lifestyle factors such as smoking and poor nutrition.

Diagnostic Tests Before Procedure

Certain tests are essential to guide the decision for this procedure.

• X-rays to assess bone structure and integrity.
• MRI scans to evaluate the extent of bone damage.
• Blood tests to rule out infections or other underlying conditions.
• Bone density tests to assess overall bone health.

Procedure Description

The procedure involves several key steps.

• Patient is positioned comfortably and the area is cleaned.
• Local anesthesia is administered to minimize discomfort.
• A needle is inserted into the bone to aspirate bone marrow.
• The aspirated bone marrow is prepared for injection.
• The prepared bone marrow is injected into the target area.

Preparation for the Procedure

Patients should follow specific guidelines before the procedure.

• Discuss any medications with your healthcare provider.
• Avoid blood thinners for a specified period before the procedure.
• Arrive at the facility with a responsible adult for post-procedure transport.
• Wear comfortable clothing and avoid heavy meals before the procedure.

Recovery and Aftercare

Post-procedure care is crucial for optimal recovery.

• Rest the affected area for at least 24 hours.
• Apply ice to reduce swelling and discomfort.
• Follow prescribed pain management protocols.
• Attend follow-up appointments to monitor healing.

Possible Complications

While generally safe, there are potential risks associated with the procedure.

• Infection at the injection site.
• Bleeding or hematoma formation.
• Nerve damage or injury to surrounding tissues.
• Allergic reactions to anesthesia or other materials used.

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Post-Procedure Follow-Up

Monitoring after the procedure is essential.

• Schedule a follow-up visit within 1-2 weeks post-procedure.
• Monitor for any signs of infection or complications.
• Assess pain levels and functional improvement.
• Adjust rehabilitation plans based on recovery progress.

Alternative Treatments

There are non-surgical options available for similar conditions.

• Physical therapy to strengthen surrounding muscles.
• Medications such as NSAIDs for pain management.
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation.
• Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy for tissue healing.

Home Care Tips

Patients can take steps at home to aid recovery.

• Keep the injection site clean and dry.
• Avoid strenuous activities for a few days.
• Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet.
• Follow any specific instructions from your healthcare provider.

Patient Education & Prevention

Understanding prevention can help avoid recurrence.

• Engage in regular exercise to maintain bone health.
• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.
• Ensure adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D.
• Regular check-ups for early detection of bone issues.

Billing and Coding Information

CPT Code: 21250

Category: Surgical Procedures

Common Modifiers:

• -50
• -LT
• -RT

Average Cost and Insurance Coverage

Costs can vary based on location and insurance.

• Average cost ranges from $1,500 to $3,000.
• Most insurance plans cover the procedure if deemed medically necessary.
• Out-of-pocket costs depend on individual insurance policies.

Related CPT Codes

• 20610 - 'Arthrocentesis, aspiration of joint'
• 20605 - 'Arthrocentesis, aspiration, and/or injection into a major joint or bursa'
• 20611 - Arthrocentesis, aspiration, and/or injection into a major joint or bursa.

References and Sources

• American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
• National Institutes of Health
• Mayo Clinic